Road scraper and grader



(No Model.) A 4 Sheets-Sheet W. J. MARTIN.

ROAD SGRAPER AND GRADBB..

No. 877,082. Patented Jan. 81, 1888.

(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 2.

W. J. MARTIN.

ROAD SGRAPBR AND GRADER.

No. 377,082. Patenteg Jan. 31, 1888.

'il .Marv

4 Sheets-Sheet 3.

(No Model.)

W. J. MARTIN.

ROAD SGRAPBR AND GRADBR.

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(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 4. W. J. MARTIN. ROAD SGRAPER AND GRADER.

Patented Jan. 31

rl. FUCHS. Phow-mhagmphnr. washingon, D. C,

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

VELLlNGTON J. MARTIN, OF MOUNT PLEASANT, ASSIGNOR TO THE IOVA. ROAD GRADER AND DITGHER MANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF BUR- LIN GTON, IOV A.

ROAD SCRAPER AND GRADER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 377,082, dated January 31, 1888.

Application filed August 25, 1887. Serial No. 247,869. (No model.)

.To all whom it may concern.'

Be it known that I, WELLINGTON J. Maa TIN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Mount Pleasant, in the county of Henry and State of Iowa, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Road Scrapers and Graders, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to an improvement in road scrapers and graders; and it consists in the peculiar construction and combination of devices, that will be more fully set forth hereinafter, and particularly pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a perspective view of a road scraperand grader embodying my improvements. Fig. 2 is avertcal longitudinal sectional View of the same. Fig. 3 is atop plan view. Fig. 4 is a horizontal sectional View taken on the line .c of Fig. 2.

A represents the body or frame, which comn prises the sides B, arranged parallel with each other and having their front and rear ends diverged, as shown in Fig. 3, thereby making the ends of the frame or body wider than the central portion thereof and making the rear end of the frame or body wider than its front end. rlhe sides ofthe frame or body are connected together by transverse beams C, D, E, and F, arranged at suitable distances apart, as shown at Fig. 2. Bolt-rods G also extend transgersely through the sides ofthe frame or body and connect the same to the ends ofthe cross-beams, thereby rendering the frame or body extremely strong and durable. Over the front end, H, of the frame or body extends a foot-board, I, and from the rear end of the frame or body depend vertical bars K, having angleplates L attached thereto, and serving to support the step M, by means of which the operator may get onto or off the frame.

N represents the seat for the driver, which is secured above the upper side of the bed or body near the front end thereof.

O represents the head-block, which is arranged under the front end of the frame or body. On the rear side of this head-block are bolted a pair of vertical angleplates, P, provided with a vertical series of aligned openings, R.

S represents the front axle.

T represents the sand-board, which is arranged on the upper side of the same, at the center thereof, and U represents the king-bolt, which extends through the vertical aligned opening madein the center of the head-block the sand-board, and the front axle.

A recess is made in the upper side of the front axle, at the center thereof, to receive the front end of a brace-rod, V, through which the king bolt passes, and the rear end of the said brace-rod is bolted to the cross-beam D of the frame or body. The rear end of the frame or body is supported on the rear axle, XV, in the usual manner.

X represents the tongue, which is attached to the front axle, and is provided near its rear end with a vertical longitudinal slot, Y. A hammerstrap, Z, is secured at both ends on the upper side of the tongue, at the rear end thereof, and is provided with a longitudinal slot, A', which is arranged over and registers with the slot Y.

B represents a vertical longitudinally-movable bolt, which extends through the slots Y and A. On this bolt is journaled a pulley, C', which bears on the upper side of the tongue. and whiflletree D' is fulcrumed on the said bolt and bears upon the upper side of the pulley. A horizontal opening is made in the central portion of the front axle, and in the said opening arcjournaled sheaves or pulleys E', one of which is arranged on either side of the king-bolt.

On the upper side ot' the cross-beam E, at the center thereof, is secured a pair of vertical standards, F', between which, at a suitable distance from their lower ends, is fnlcruineda lever, G', from the short front end of which depends a hook, H'.

l' represents a hand-lever, which is pivoted between the upper ends ot' the standards F' and extends rearward therefrom, the said lever being provided on one side with a ange or lip, K', adapted to engage the ratchet-teeth. On the upper curved portion of a standard, L', which extends upward from the central portion of the frame or body, a series of openings, M, are made in the lever I', near the pivoted end thereof.

N represents a pair of rods, which have their lower ends pivotedl to the rear end of lever G. The front upper ends of the said rods are provided with a series of openings, O', adapted to register with their openings M', and bolt I passes through one of the openings to O and one of the openings M', and thereby pivots the rods to the lever I', as will be readily understood.

R- represents aV longitudinal beam, the rear portion of which is suspended from Athe hook :5 H by means of a chain, S. To opposite sides of the front end of the beam are bolted for- Wardly-extending armsfl", which are first extended upward from the front end of the beam, then curved, as shown, and have their :o front ends attached to the plates P by means of a pivotal bolt, U, which passes through the said arms and through either of the openings R. By this construction the front ends of arms T may be attached to the plates at any 5 desired point, and thereby form a verticallyadj ustable means for connecting the front end of the beam R to the main frame or body of the machine. YOn the under side of the beam R', .near its front and rear ends, are bolted o metallic plates V', which have their inner ends turned downward and providedv with .aligned openings, in which are journaled the upturned ends of the longitudinal bar W'.

X represents a pair of parallel bars, which 5 have their centers connected to the underside of the bar W, near the ends thereof, by means of pivotal bolts Y. ward a suitable distance and pass th rough h ollow vertical tubular sleeves Z and th rough the o central portions of truss-rods A2, whichare arranged on the under sides of the parallel bars X. upward and connected to the under sides of 'the said parallel bars, and said ends are piv- 5 otally bolted to the outer ends of the bars X, as shown in Figs. l and 4. The bolts which connect the front bar, X, to the ends of bars B2 have eyes C2 formed at their upper ends. The bars B2 have their front ends extended to o form hooks D2.

E2 represents a chain which` passes around the pulley C', over opposite sides of the sheavesl E, and has ,its rear ends crossed and connected to the hooks D2, as shown.

5 F2 represents a pair of brackets, which are curved, as shown, and have their upper ends bent rearward at right angles and pivoted to the lower ends of the eyebolts C2. From the rear sides of these brackets, near their lower J ends, projectlugs G2.

H2 represents a scraping-blade, which is preferably made of steel, and is of suitable length and width, is curved in transverse section, asshown, and is arranged transversely 5 on .the front sides of the brackets F2 and bolted to the same.

I2 represents a pair of rods, which have their Said bolts extend downv Said rods have their ends extended tend rearward and are connected to chains K2.

The rear ends of the said chains are attached to drums L2,formed at their lower ends of a pair of vertical shafts, M2, which shafts are journaled in the body or frame, as shown, are

providedwith ratchet-wheels N2, normally engaged by spring-actuated dogs O2, and' have hand-wheels or levers P2 at their upper ends, by means of which the shafts may be turned, so as to wind the rear ends of the chains K2 on the drums or uncoil the said chains therefrom. The lower portions of the shaftsM2 are journaled in yokes S2, that are pivoted to the lower side of the rear axle and depend therefrom.

T2`represents a pairy of brace rods, which 'have their lower ends attached to the lower side of the said yokes and their upper ends bolted to the rear end of the frame or body A. The chains K2 pass over supporting-sheaves U2, whichare suspended from chains V2, that are attached to hooks W2, projecting from the front side of the cross-beam F.

X2 represents a cross-beam, which is arranged on the upper side ofthe bed or bodyl and bear against the outer sides of drivingstandards B, which are attached to the inner sides of the body or frame and rise therefrom. The rear ends of these levers extend nearly to the rear end of the bed or` frame within` reach of the operator stationed on the rear end of the bed or frame.

O3 represents a pair of rods, which are rounded at their lower ends and hooked to eyebolts C2. The upper portions of the said rods Yare flattened on opposite sides, provided with aseries of openings, D2, and are passed through keepersv Ewhich are attached to the outer sides of the levers A3 at a suitable distance from the-front ends thereof. On the said levers are pivoted spring-actuated dogs F3, having studs which extend through openings made in the keepers E", and are adapted to engage 'IIS the openings Da and thereby pivotthe rods C3 to the levers at any desired vertical adjustment. pivoted dogs to thumb-levers H2, which are pivoted to the levers A3 near the ends of the latter. On the outer sides of the bed or body` A are hooks l2.

K3 represents a chain, the central portion of which is connected to the rear ends of the Rods Gr3 extend forward fromthe beam R' by means of a keeper or staple, L. The ends of the chains are attached to the hooks I3, and the function of the said chain is to secure the beam at any desired lateral adjustment under the bed or body, and thereby permit either end of the scraping-blade to be projected beyond the side of the machine, thus adapting the latter to be used in cutting down banks. Vhen the beam It' is arranged under the center of the bed or body, as illustrated in Fig. 3, the chain K3 prevents lateral movement of the scraper.

The operation of my invention is as follows: The scrapng-bladeis arranged in an oblique position, so as to cause it to throw the excavated earth to either end of the scraping-blade desired, and thereby cause the earth to be thrown to the center or to the sides of the road, as may be necessary, by turning the shaft M2, so as to release one of the chains K2 and draw upon the other chain K2, and thereby swing the parallel bars X' to the desired position, this movement of the parallel bars being permitted by the chain Ewhich passes over the sheaves C' and E', as will be readily understood. The chains V2, which carry the sheaves U2, over which the chains K2 pass, serve to support the said chains K2 at a suit-able height and prevent them from sagging. In order to lower the scraping-blades to the ground,the operator raises the rear end of thelever I', thereby causing the said lever, which is connected to the lever G by the pitman N', to lower the front end of the lever G', and thereby lower the rear end of the beam R', which is suspended from the said lever G by the chain S'. As bei'ore stated, the front end of the beam R' may be adjusted vertically by reason oi' the openings R in the angle-plates C. If it is desired to tilt the scraping-blade so that one end thereof will be lower than the other, this may be accomplished by raising one of the levers A5, as will be readily understood. When the said levers are arranged in the same horizontal plane, the scraping-blade will be arranged in a horizontal position and will maintain itself therein, owing to the bar W', which is journaled longitudinally under the beam R.

It will be observed by reference to Figs. 2 and 4 that a team hitched to the singletrees with which the whiftletree is provided exert their draft directly upon the swinging frame composed of the parallel bars X' and BZwhich support the scraping-blade, and thereby the draft is applied directly to the center of the scraping-blade, thus serving to direct the latter in a straight line when in operation and preventing it from moving endwise when it encounters slight obstructions. Vhen an obstruction of any considerable magnitude is encountered, the operator depresses the rear end of the lever I', and thereby raises the scrapingblade to permit the same to pass freely over the obstruction. The ratchet-teeth with which the standard L is provided serve to retain the lever I' at any desired angle, and thereby enable the scraping-blade to be sustained at any desired height.

Having thus described my invention, I claiml. The combination, in ascraper and grader, ofthe beam 1t' and the swinging frame sus.- pended from the said beam, pivoted longitudinally under the same and thereby adapted to tilt or incline, and carrying the scrapingblade, substantially as described.

2. The combination, in ascraper and grader, ot' the beam It', the rod \V, journaled longitudinally under the said beam, and the frame having the parallel bars X' pivoted under the bar W', the said frame carrying the scrapingblade, and means to turn the frame and blade to any desired angle,substantially as described.

3. rIhe combination, ina scraper and grader, ot' the vertically-movable beam R', the frame pivoted longitudinally thereunder, suspended therefrom, and having the parallel bars X', adapted to be swung in any desired direction, means to swing the said frame in a horizontal plane and thereby arrange it in any desired oblique position, the levers attached to the ends ot' the frame and adapted to incline the same to any desired angle, and the scrapingblade attached to the frame, substantially as described.

4. The combination, in ascraper and grader, of the beam It', the rod NT', journaled longitudinally under the same, the parallel bars X', pivoted centrally to the said bar W', the bars B2, pivotally connected to the ends of the bars X', the brackets F2, depending from one of the bars X', and the scraping-blade attached to the said brackets, substantially as described.

5. In a scraper and grader, the combination of the bars X', arranged parallel with each other and connected together, the trusses AZ on the under side of the said parallel bars, brackets F2, depending from one of the said bars, Aand the scraping-blade attached to said brackets, substantially as described.

6. The combination ofthe beam R', the rod W', journaled under the same, parallel bars X', pivoted centrally to the rod W', the bars B2, pivotally connected to the ends of the bars. X' and connecting` the same together, the brackets F2, depending from the front bars X', and the braces I2, extending ,from the lower ends of the said brackets to the outer ends of the rear bar X', -substantially as described.

7. The combination of the bed or frame A, mounted on wheels, the vertically-movable beam R', arranged under the same, and the frame suspended from the said beam, pivoted longitudinally thereunder, and having the scraping blade and lever to raise and lower the beam, substantially as described.

8. The combination of the bed or frame A, mounted on wheels, the beam R', arranged under the same and' vertically movable, the swinging frame suspended from the said beam and adapted to be turned to any desired position in a horizontal or vertical direction, the

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nlevers attached to the said beam to raise and lower the same, the levers Aconnected to the ends of the swinging frame toincline the latter inV a vert-ical direction and thereby raiseeither end of the scraping-blade attached to the frame, the shaft M", having the drums, and the chains connected to the said drums and to the swinging frame, whereby the latter may be turned in a horizontal direction, substantially as described.

9. The combination of the frame. or bodyl mounted on wheels, the frame having the scraping-blade arranged under the frame or body A, thelongitudi nally-movable pulley C', connected to the whiflietree, to which the draft-,animals are attached, and they chain passed overthe a horizontal or a vertical direction, and the the'beam R', also fulcrumed to themain frame,

and the link N', connecting the lever I' to the lever G', substantially as described.

12. The combination ofthe main frame mounted on wheels, the beam R', arranged under the main frame, the swinging frame suspended from the said beam and to which the scrapingfblade is connected, the levers A3, and the links or rods C, connecting the swinging frame to the said levers and vdetachably attached to the latter, substantially as described.

13. The combination 0f the main frame or body mounted on wheels, the beam R', arranged under the same, the swinging frame suspended from the said beam and carrying thescrapingblade, the levers A3, fulcrumed on themain frame and having the keepers E and the detents F3, and the link or rod O3, attached `to the ends of the swinging frame, passed through the keepers E, and engaged by the detents F3,

Iwhereby the said links or rods are adj ustably attached to the levers A3, substantiallyas described.

14. The combination of the main frame or body, the vertically-movable beam R,arrangcd under the same, the swinging frame'suspended f from the said beam and* carrying the scrapingblade, `the shaft M2, journaled in the main frame and having the drums and chains K2,

connecting the end of the swinging frame to 55 15. The combination of the bed or frame A, 7o l mounted on wheels, the beam R,arranged under the same, the swinging frame suspended from and pivoted longitudinally under the said beam, the scraping-blade secured to the said frame, and the levers connected to opposite sides of the frame to tilt or incline the same in either direction, substantially as described.

16. The main frame or body A, comprising the side boards, B, having their ends diverged, 8o and the cross-beams connecting the said boards together, substantially as described. n

17. Thecombinatiou of the frame or body A, the rear axle arranged under the same, the head-block O under the front end of the frame, 8 5 the front axle pivoted under the head-block, the plates Pon the rear side of the head-block and having the vertical series of openings R, and the beam R', having the curved arms T extending from its front end, the front ends of 9c the said arms being pivoted on a bolt extending through two of the aligned openings R, substantially as described.

18. The combinationv of the main frame or body having the rear axle, the head-block under the Vfront end of the frame or body, the sand-board under the head-block, -the front axle under the sand-board, the king-bolt passing through the centers of the head-block, sand-board, and front axle, the sheaves E', roo journaled on either side of the said king-bolt and arranged in an opening in the front axle, the tongue, the' bolt B', movably journaled therein, the sheave C' and whiftletree pivoted on the said tongue, the beam having its front V end connected to the head-block, the said beam carrying the swinging suspended frame to which the scraping-blade is attached, the chain E, passed over the front side of the pulley C',

over opposite sides of the sheaves E', and hav; r 1o ing its rear ends crossed and connected to the swinging suspended` frame, whereby the draft will be applied directlyto the scraper, substantially as described.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as x15 l my own I have hereto affixed my signature in presence of two witnesses.

WELLINGTON J.

MARTIN. 

